Vehicle ventilator



W. S. HAMM VEHICLE VENTILATOR Filed 0G17. 26, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l pri9, B929. w. s. HAMM 397109334 Y VEHICLE VENTILATOR Filed 061;.26, .19252 sheets-sheet 2 L97 AS Patented Apr. 9,

time

WLLIAM S. HAMM, OF HBBARD WOODS, ILLNOIS.

. VEHICLE vnirrinnron.

appncation ieii october'ac, i925. seriai No. 64,720.

The invention relates to ventilators for vehicles having` closed bodies,such as automobiles of the limousine type; its object being to provide aventilator of high efficiency which may be attached to the vehiclewithout being unduly conspicuous, and which will effectually excludeweather from the interior of the vehicle. v

The invention consists of a structure substantially as hereinafterdescribed, and as illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in

which Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a ventilator detached; Y

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal central section showingthe ventilatorapplied to the top of avehicle;

Fig. 3is Va transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a perspective of the ventilator showing a slight modification;

Fig. 5 is a plan section showing a further modification g Y Figs. 6 and7 are respectively a' vertical longitudinal and a transverse centralsection of the same form; and y Fig. 8 is a detail vertical transversesection showing a further modification.

The improved ventilator `is preferably attached to the top of a vehicle,as shownin Fig. 2, though this location is not essential to itsoperation;

In the drawings the top wall ofavehicle is conventionally shown at 10,and is provided with vanA aperture, preferably circular, at 11.V

The ventilator Vcomprises a base plate 12, having an apertureregistering with that of the vehicle wall, and a cover plate 13 spacedapart from the base plate, its side margins being downturned forattaclin'ient to the latter, as shown in Fig. 3. The form of attachingjoint is immaterial, providing it is weathertioht.

tThe chamber between the plates 12 and 13 is closed at its ends byplates, as 14, 15, the joints being weatherproof. Within this chamberand opening through the plates 14, 15, are a series of tubes 16, ofnumber, each of these tubes being freely perforated, as shown at 17, inits upper porti on.-

Preferably a single line of perforatioiis upon the extreme top of thetube is employed, though the size, number and precise location of theperforations` are optional.. l These any preferredtubes may becontinuous from end toy end of the chamber, as shown, though this is notessential.

For the purpose of producinga minus pressure within the tubes 16, andfor preventing air currents from entering ltheir ends, abutinents 18,19,are. erected on the eiidportions of the plate 12 and face the open endsof the tubes. These abutments are preferably of substantially the heightof the cover plate 13. It is found desirable, although not essential,

. that beyond each of the abutments, and joining the upper end thereof,there are placed inclined plates 20, 21, which may be attached to theends of the plate 12 as shown, or to the vehicle. top. In Fig. 4'areshown abutments consisting of simple upstanding plates 26, theinclinations being omitted. I deem it advisable, also, to curve theabutments at their lower ends toward the tubes, as sh'own'at 22, as thisconfiguration serves to guide the outfiowing air currents and avoids atendency to an eddying action. i

In Fig. 2k the left end of the view is toward the front of the vehicle,and the efficiency of the device is somewhat increased by placing atthe'rear endk of the cover plate 13 an upwardly inclined deflector'23. 4

In lieu of the tubes there ymaybe employed simple troughs, as shown inFigs. 5 to 8. In

. the construction of F igsy to 7 these troughs are formed of simpleplates or strips 24, arranged in pairs and extending inwardly from ktheend plates 14, whichA are apertured vloetweenthem, and upwardly from thebottom plate, but not lreaching the cover plate 13.

The troughs formed by thev plates 24, which intersect the central fluepassage coinmunicating withV the interior of thevehicle, are cut offfrom this Hue, except through their open tops, by any suitable means, asby a consov tinuous wall 25 forming an extension of this Hue to the topsof the troughs. y

1n the construction of Fig. 8, similar troughs are substituted for thetubes 16, and are formed each of a vtil-shaped stripof metal 116, theopenings inthe lend walls'14 being of course of similar yshape and size.When the troughs arek provided with bottoms yas iii the forni of Fig. 7,they may, if desired, eX- tend across the central flue opening. y

ln order thattlie action of -the ventilator may be regulated at'thepleasure of the occupants of the vehicle, a damperis placed at theinside of the vehicle wall to close the aperture 11 or open it to anydesired extent.

.This damper may be of any preferred form of construction,and there isshown a simple form of device comprising a fixed apertured plate 27 `anda. rotatable correspondingly apertured plate 2.8.

In operation, when Wind currents sweep backwardly with reference to thedirection by an outfiow of air from the interior of the vehicle, asindicated by the arrows in Fig. 2. At the rear end of the device asimilar but, at somewind velocities, less pronounced action is set up,and is somewhat accentuated when. the deflector 2S is employed, as itcheclrsthe'tendency of thewind currents to Y eddy into, the trough.

, When the vehicle is standing and the wind is vfrom vthe rear, theabutment 19 prevents itl 'from blowing through the tubes or rinternaltroughs '16,and causes the enhausting action ,previously described. lfthe wind is blowing vtransversely across the vehicle', and at "greater``velocity than the relative backward movement of the air due to the-speedof the vehicle, the device is effective, as the currents passinglongitudinally through the troughs enclosed by the abutments will drawthe air through the openings in the plates lll. l

But for the abutments 18, 19,'the wind would blow directly through thetubes 16, when they are continuous, and while there l.would be anexhausting` action set up moisturewould, ofcourse, be carried. into thetube and the danger that rainv or snow might (ind Lits way through theperforations1f7and into the gvehicle, would be less effectively guarded3i i Y The .device,.f in Vany of the e several forms shown, effectuallyprevents the Weather from entering thev vehicle, even during` severestorms, as any moisture which may beat in atthe endsof the tubes orinternal. troughs will .not pass out of Vthem through their open tops.,y

Should there `be an accumulation `of snow Within the troughs enclosed bythe abutinents, as, for example, when the vehicle is Vleft standing in asnowstorm, the exhausting action set up when they vehicle is moved ateven a moderate speed is suflicient to with- Y draw itand.practicallyfclear the troughs. ee

n The inclined plates 20, 2 1, are preferably employed ,for the purposeof checking the tendency of the wind to forni eddies within the trough..'.In practice, however, when the construction shown in Fig. e isfollowed.

messes against the forward face of the abutment, which produces anatural incline to defiect the current-s upwardly and chec; the tendencyto eddying. l regard the inclined plates 20, 21, as contributing to theefficiency -of the device. f

Various changes in thedetails of the structure may made within the scopeof the invention, and, as already pointed out, some of its parts may beomitted. The base plate 12 is not essential to the operation of thedevice. The deflector 23 may be employed with or omitted from any of theseveral forms of the device shown. Y

l claim as my invention 1. A ventilator for vehicle bodies comprising acasing open to the body to'be ventilated', a tube located horizontallywithin the casing and opening through a wall thereof, such tube havingan opening in its upper side, and a shield facing the open end of thetube. v

2. A ventilator for vehicle bodies comprising a casing open to the bodyto be ventilated,

a tube located horizontally within the'casing and opening` through theend walls thereof,

euch tube having aneopening inits vupper e side, and shields facing theopen ends of the tu e. 3. A ventilator for vehiclebodies comprising acasing open tothe body to be kventilated, a plurality of tubes locatedwithin 'the casing and opening throughfone end thereof, such tubeslbeing perforated in their upper' sides, and a shield facing the openends of the tubes. f

4. A yventilator for vehicle bodies'comprising a casing open to thebodytobe ventilated, a plurality of horizontal'tubes located Within thecasing and opening through" the ends thereof, such tubes beingperforated in their upper sides, and shields facingthe open ends of thetubes. i j L 5, A ventilator for vehiclerbo'dies comprising a casingopen tothe bodyto be ventilated, aV pluralityof tubes located within/thecasing and lopening through'jthe ends'thereof,

vsuch tubes having a 'longitudinally disposed series of apertures intheir `upper sides, and shields facing and spaced from the openpen'ds ofthe tubes. l j i v V6. A ventilator for vehicle bodies compris- Vingacasing open to thelbody to'be ventilated,

a tube located horizontally within'fthe casingy and opening throughafwall thereof, such tube having an opening in its upper side, and an ninclined vshield facing the .open end ofthe tube.l Y

7. A ventilator for vehicle'bodiesjcomprising acasing open tothelbody toyloe ventilated,

a' tube located horizontally withinthecasing 'and opening through "theendwallsthereoff,

llO

such ltube having 'an Vopening' infupper side, yand inclined shieldsvfacing the open ends of the tube.

there is apparently a banking up of the air 8. A ventilator for vehiclescomprising 'a chambered casing having an opening in its bottom forcommunicating with the interior of the vehicle and having a plurality ofopenings in each end, a duct-leading inwardly from and enclosing eachend openingl and being upwardly open to the chamber and a shield facingthe end openings for preventing the entrance of air currents.

9. A vent-ilator for vehicle bodies comprising a casing having a fluepassage therethrough open externally laterally of the casing and to theinterior of the vehicle, the outer portion of the flue being closed atits bottom and sides, and a shield facing and spaced' apart from theexternal opening of the flue.

10. A ventilator for vehicle bodies comprising a casing having a fluepassage therethrough open externally, laterally of the casing and to theinterior of the vehicle, the outer portion of the flue being subdivided,each subdivision being closed at its bottom and sides, and a shieldfacing and spaced apart rom the several external openings of the Intestimony whereof I aHix my signature.

WILLIAM s. HAMM.

